Other Titles

Moral Distress Among York College Nursing Students [Poster Title]

Abstract

Moral Distress can occur when individuals are unable to act in accordance with their moral or ethical belief, this can be due to either internal or external constraints. While moral distress has been widely examined in among practicing nurses, limited research has explored the presence among undergraduate nursing students. The purpose of this study was to examine the level of distress and frequency of moral distress at a preliminary level, among undergraduate nursing students enrolled in a baccalaureate nursing program at York College in Queens, New York.
A quantitative descriptive design was adopted. Undergraduate nursing students (n=47) completed an anonymous online survey containing demographic questions and the Measure of Moral Distress-Health Professionals (MMD-HP). Descriptive statistics were used to examine the frequency and intensity of moral distress across each cohort levels. Overall frequency of moral distress was found to be low; however, the level of distress increased with academic progression through the nursing program. Senior students reported the highest average moral distress intensity (m=1.51) and frequency (m=1.13). Six participants reported moderate to high levels of moral distress. In the finding it suggested that while moral distress was higher with academic progression, it may not be as frequent as students progress in the program. Early curricular and faculty-led interventions may support students’ ethical development and emotional well-being.

Notes

References:

Adkins, D. A., & Aucoin, J. W. (2022). Failure to fail – Factors affecting faculty decisions to pass underperforming nursing students in the clinical setting: A quantitative study. Nurse Education in Practice, 58(1), 103259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2021.103259

Antonsdottir, I., Rushton, C. H., Nelson, K. E., Heinze, K. E., Swoboda, S. M., & Hanson, G. C. (2021). Burnout and moral resilience in interdisciplinary healthcare professionals. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 31(1-2), 196–208. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15896

Becker, R. P. (2024). The impact of moral distress on staff and novice nurses. Journal of Christian Nursing, 41(1), 50–56. https://doi.org/10.1097/cnj.0000000000001130

Cooke, S., Booth, R., & Jackson, K. (2022). Moral distress in critical care nursing practice: A concept analysis. Nursing Forum, 57(6). https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12786

Dzeng, E., & Wachter, R. M. (2020). Ethics in conflict: Moral distress as a root cause of burnout. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 35(2). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-019-05505-6

Forte, K., Higgins, M., & Pentz, R. D. (2024). Fostering moral resilience. Nurse Educator. https://doi.org/10.1097/nne.0000000000001733

Gibson, E., Duke, G., & Alfred, D. (2020). Exploring the relationships among moral distress, moral courage, and moral resilience in undergraduate nursing students. Journal of Nursing Education, 59(7), 392–395. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20200617-07

Hood, T. L., & Copeland, D. (2024). Students who witness critical events in the clinical setting: Recommendations for prevention of psychological trauma. Journal of Professional Nursing, 52, 70–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2024.03.007

Lambert, K. (2024). Teaching belonging in nursing using narrative pedagogy. Journal of Nursing Education, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20240626-02

LeClaire, M., Poplau, S., Linzer, M., Brown, R., & Sinsky, C. (2022). Compromised Integrity, Burnout, and Intent to Leave the Job in Critical Care Nurses and Physicians. Critical Care Explorations, 4(2), e0629. https://doi.org/10.1097/cce.0000000000000629

Morley, G., Bena, J., Morrison, S. L., & Albert, N. M. (2023). Sub-categories of moral distress among nurses: A descriptive longitudinal study. 096973302311600-096973302311600. https://doi.org/10.1177/09697330231160006

Mottel, H., Nobles, E., Edwards, S., & Aaron, B. (2025). Preparing new graduate nurses for the workforce: infusing mindfulness training in prelicensure nursing education. Medsurg Nursing, 34(3), 141–141. https://doi.org/10.62116/msj.2025.34.3.141

Paidipati, C. P., Lozano, A. J., West, J., Huang, L., Hanlon, A. L., & Ulrich, C. M. (2023). Understanding the mediated relationship between moral distress, depression, and suicide risk in undergraduate nursing students. Nursing Outlook, 71(3), 101966. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2023.101966

Rainer, J. B., & Schneider, J. K. (2020). Testing a model of speaking up in nursing. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 50(6), 349–354. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000896

Shaw, M., Bilog, A., Reyes, D., Klim, G., & Taylor, E. J. (2024). Emotion recognition and clinical empathy: An observational study of nurses. Applied Nursing Research, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2024.151855

Sheppard, K., Smith, C., Morgan, M. K., Wilmoth, D., Toepp, A., Rutledge, C., & Zimbro, K. S. (2024). The Effect of nursing moral distress on intent to leave employment. JONA the Journal of Nursing Administration, 54(9), 488–494. https://doi.org/10.1097/nna.0000000000001465

Simonovich, S. D., Webber-Ritchey, K. J., Spurlark, R. S., Florczak, K., Mueller Wiesemann, L., Ponder, T. N., Reid, M., Shino, D., Stevens, B. R., Aquino, E., Badowski, D., Lattner, C., Soco, C., Krawczyk, S., & Amer, K. (2022). Moral Distress Experienced by US Nurses on the Frontlines During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications for Nursing Policy and Practice. SAGE open nursing, 8, 23779608221091059. https://doi.org/10.1177/23779608221091059

Stephens, T., & Layne, D. (2023). A National survey of nursing faculty resilience, moral courage, and purpose. Journal of Nursing Education, 62(7), 381–386. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20230509-01

Watson, A. L., Drake, J., Anderson, M., Heaston, S., Schmutz, P., Reed, C., & Rasmussen, R. (2024). Triage ethics in mass casualty incident simulation: A phenomenological exploration. Nursing Ethics. https://doi.org/10.1177/09697330241299526

Wros, P. L., Mathews, L. R., Beiers Jones, K., & Warkentin, P. (2021). Moral distress in public health practice: Case studies from nursing education. Public Health Nursing. https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.12948

Description

This study examined moral distress in undergraduate nursing students, which happens when someone cannot act on their ethical beliefs. An issue less known about students. A preliminary study of 47 students at York College, found that moral distress was low but increased in intensity as students progressed through the program. Seniors reported the highest levels, which suggest that earlier support and education around ethics may help students better manage moral distress during their training.

Author Details

Primary Investigator: Nikea S. Debidin, BS, RN; Co-Primary Investigator: Andrey Aminov [no credentials or information listed]

Nikea Debidin is a licensed nurse and recent graduate of York College, CUNY. She is committed to compassionate, evidence-based care and collaborative learning. Her academic work includes research on moral distress among nursing students and contributions to a study on Haitian migrants’ experiences in New York City. She completed an Emergency Department externship at Jamaica Hospital and is driven to advocate for vulnerable populations while growing as a skilled, empathetic nurse.

Sigma Membership

Alpha Zeta

Type

Poster

Format Type

Text-based Document

Study Design/Type

Descriptive/Correlational

Research Approach

Quantitative Research

Keywords:

Moral Distress, Ethical Problems, Nursing Students, Nursing Education, Moral Resilience, Psychological Resilience, Ethics

Conference Name

37th International Nursing Research Congress

Conference Host

Sigma Theta Tau International

Conference Location

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Conference Year

2026

Rights Holder

All rights reserved by the author(s) and/or publisher(s) listed in this item record unless relinquished in whole or part by a rights notation or a Creative Commons License present in this item record. All permission requests should be directed accordingly and not to the Sigma Repository. All submitting authors or publishers have affirmed that when using material in their work where they do not own copyright, they have obtained permission of the copyright holder prior to submission and the rights holder has been acknowledged as necessary.

Review Type

Abstract Review Only: Reviewed by Event Host

Acquisition

Proxy-submission

Date of Issue

2026-10-02

Click on the above link to access the poster.

Share

COinS
 

Preliminary Study of Moral Distress Among York College Nursing Students

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Moral Distress can occur when individuals are unable to act in accordance with their moral or ethical belief, this can be due to either internal or external constraints. While moral distress has been widely examined in among practicing nurses, limited research has explored the presence among undergraduate nursing students. The purpose of this study was to examine the level of distress and frequency of moral distress at a preliminary level, among undergraduate nursing students enrolled in a baccalaureate nursing program at York College in Queens, New York.
A quantitative descriptive design was adopted. Undergraduate nursing students (n=47) completed an anonymous online survey containing demographic questions and the Measure of Moral Distress-Health Professionals (MMD-HP). Descriptive statistics were used to examine the frequency and intensity of moral distress across each cohort levels. Overall frequency of moral distress was found to be low; however, the level of distress increased with academic progression through the nursing program. Senior students reported the highest average moral distress intensity (m=1.51) and frequency (m=1.13). Six participants reported moderate to high levels of moral distress. In the finding it suggested that while moral distress was higher with academic progression, it may not be as frequent as students progress in the program. Early curricular and faculty-led interventions may support students’ ethical development and emotional well-being.