Other Titles

AI Chatbots as Innovative Teaching Tools to Prepare Nursing Students for Difficult Clinical Conversations [Title Slide]

Abstract

Background and Significance: Therapeutic communication is a core competency in nursing and a consistently prioritized workforce requirement (Broeckelman-Post et al., 2022; McGunagle & Zizka, 2020; AACN, 2021). As AI and digital learning technologies advance, nursing programs are exploring technology-enabled strategies to better prepare students for emotionally complex patient interactions. Although AI chatbots have shown value in clinical training and simulation (Chang et al., 2021; Srinivasan et al., 2024), limited evidence exists on their use to prepare students for difficult or sensitive conversations. Addressing this gap supports student resilience and prepares future nurses for communication-intensive roles.

Purpose and Aims: This study evaluates a tiered experiential learning model designed to prepare undergraduate and graduate nursing students for difficult conversations prior to standardized patient encounters. The project adapts and pilots an AI-supported communication tool that allows students to practice, reflect, and receive structured feedback.

Design and Methods: Approximately 80 students complete a two-phase sequence. In Phase 1, students conduct a difficult conversation with an AI chatbot simulating a patient or family member and receive immediate, behavior-specific feedback. In Phase 2, they engage in a live standardized patient encounter. Communication rubrics and post-activity surveys assess performance, usability, and perceived preparedness. Data are analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic coding.

Analysis, Outcomes, and Nursing Implications: Forty-seven students (45 undergraduate, 2 graduate) completed the initial survey, with 46 providing full responses; eight completed a follow-up survey. Findings were strongly positive: 76.1% reported increased confidence, 89.1% valued the AI-generated feedback, 82.6% felt better prepared for real-world conversations, and 71.7% enjoyed the experience. Qualitative themes emphasized increased confidence, reduced anxiety, and appreciation for actionable feedback, with some concerns about conversational flexibility.

Based on these results, the chatbot was updated and expanded across the undergraduate curriculum. The revised tool was implemented with traditional and accelerated nursing students this fall. Additional outcome data from this broader rollout are being collected and will be reported at semester’s end to further evaluate impact, scalability, and integration into communication training.

Notes

Presenter notes available in attached slide deck. To see the notes in Adobe Acrobat, go to Tools > Comment or look at your Layers Panel. If the notes were saved as comments or layers, you can toggle them visible.

Funding Disclosure: Creighton Center for Undergraduate Research and Scholarship (CURAS) Magis! Investigatio Research Award (MIRA)

References:

Broeckelman-Post, M. A., & Mazer, J. P. (2022). Editors' introduction: Online teaching: challenge or opportunity for Communication Education scholars. Communication Education, 71(2), 145.

McGunagle, D., & Zizka, L. (2020). Employability skills for 21st-century STEM students: The employers' perspective. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 10(3), 591–606.

American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2021). The Essentials: Competencies for Professional Nursing Education.

Chang, C., Hwang, G., & Gau, M. (2021). Promoting students’ learning achievement and self-efficacy: A mobile chatbot approach for nursing training. British Journal of Educational Technology, 53(1), 171–188. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13158

Srinivasan, M., Venugopal, A., Venkatesan, L., & Kumar, R. (2023). Navigating the pedagogical landscape: Exploring the implications of AI and chatbots in nursing education. JMIR Nursing, 7, e52105. https://doi.org/10.2196/52105

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11(4), 589–597.

Description

This study evaluates a tiered learning model using an AI chatbot to help nursing students prepare for difficult conversations. Students first practice with the chatbot and receive real-time feedback, then engage in a standardized patient encounter. Early results show strong engagement and increased confidence. The updated tool was rolled out to traditional and accelerated students this fall, with additional data forthcoming.

Author Details

Co-Principal Investigators:

Lindsay Iverson, DNP, APRN-NP, ACNP-BC, CHSE; Tamara Oliver, PhD, MPH, RN (Presenter); Steven Fernandes, PhD

Co-Investigators: 

Mandy Kirkpatrick, PhD, RN, FAAN, FNAP; Kara Morgan, MSN, RN; Lauren Guthrie, MSN, RN; Trisha Beiermann, MSN, RN; Melissa Taylor, MS, BSN, BS, RN

Sigma Membership

Iota Tau

Type

Presentation

Format Type

Text-based Document

Study Design/Type

Other

Research Approach

Mixed/Multi Method Research

Keywords:

Curriculum Development, Simulation, Hospice, Palliative, or End-of-Life Care, Nursing Students, Nursing Education, Chatbots, Conversation, Difficult Conversations

Conference Name

37th International Nursing Research Congress

Conference Host

Sigma Theta Tau International

Conference Location

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Conference Year

2026

Rights Holder

All rights reserved by the author(s) and/or publisher(s) listed in this item record unless relinquished in whole or part by a rights notation or a Creative Commons License present in this item record. All permission requests should be directed accordingly and not to the Sigma Repository. All submitting authors or publishers have affirmed that when using material in their work where they do not own copyright, they have obtained permission of the copyright holder prior to submission and the rights holder has been acknowledged as necessary.

Review Type

Abstract Review Only: Reviewed by Event Host

Acquisition

Proxy-submission

Date of Issue

2026-09-06

Click above link to access the slide deck.

Share

COinS
 

Innovative Teaching Strategies: AI Chatbots to Prepare Nursing Students for Difficult Conversations

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Background and Significance: Therapeutic communication is a core competency in nursing and a consistently prioritized workforce requirement (Broeckelman-Post et al., 2022; McGunagle & Zizka, 2020; AACN, 2021). As AI and digital learning technologies advance, nursing programs are exploring technology-enabled strategies to better prepare students for emotionally complex patient interactions. Although AI chatbots have shown value in clinical training and simulation (Chang et al., 2021; Srinivasan et al., 2024), limited evidence exists on their use to prepare students for difficult or sensitive conversations. Addressing this gap supports student resilience and prepares future nurses for communication-intensive roles.

Purpose and Aims: This study evaluates a tiered experiential learning model designed to prepare undergraduate and graduate nursing students for difficult conversations prior to standardized patient encounters. The project adapts and pilots an AI-supported communication tool that allows students to practice, reflect, and receive structured feedback.

Design and Methods: Approximately 80 students complete a two-phase sequence. In Phase 1, students conduct a difficult conversation with an AI chatbot simulating a patient or family member and receive immediate, behavior-specific feedback. In Phase 2, they engage in a live standardized patient encounter. Communication rubrics and post-activity surveys assess performance, usability, and perceived preparedness. Data are analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic coding.

Analysis, Outcomes, and Nursing Implications: Forty-seven students (45 undergraduate, 2 graduate) completed the initial survey, with 46 providing full responses; eight completed a follow-up survey. Findings were strongly positive: 76.1% reported increased confidence, 89.1% valued the AI-generated feedback, 82.6% felt better prepared for real-world conversations, and 71.7% enjoyed the experience. Qualitative themes emphasized increased confidence, reduced anxiety, and appreciation for actionable feedback, with some concerns about conversational flexibility.

Based on these results, the chatbot was updated and expanded across the undergraduate curriculum. The revised tool was implemented with traditional and accelerated nursing students this fall. Additional outcome data from this broader rollout are being collected and will be reported at semester’s end to further evaluate impact, scalability, and integration into communication training.