Other Titles

Workplace Environmental Predictors of Intent to Leave Current Nursing Job in Newly Licensed RNs [Title Slide]

Abstract

Background: High rates of registered nurse (RN) turnover in hospitals strain their ability to keep fully staffed. Poor nurse staffing leads to poor patient, nurse, and organizational outcomes (Rae et al., 2021; Shin et al., 2018, 2019). High rates of RN turnover are also costly for healthcare organizations (NSI Nursing Solutions, 2023). While RN turnover rates in US hospitals have increased significantly since the COVID-19 pandemic (22.5% in 2022 compared with 15.9% in 2019), historically, newly licensed RNs have even higher rates of turnover than their more experienced counterparts (Kovner et al., 2016). It is critically important to understand the predicters of turnover in this population to increase retention.

Aims: To identify individual and workplace predictors of turnover intention in newly licensed RNs through a secondary data analysis of the “Newly Licensed Registered Nurse Cohort 3” survey data from 2016 (Kovner & Brewer, 2020).

Methods: Participants who obtained their first nursing license between August 1, 2014 and July 31, 2015 completed the Newly Licensed RN Survey to describe newly licensed RNs work characteristics and patterns (n=1110). A secondary analysis was conducted to identify characteristics that predict participant’s intent to leave their current nursing job. Latent class analysis identified classes of nursing job difficulty, and included items asking about job difficulty due to workplace environmental factors including unit supervisor, inadequate help, lack of supply, constant interruption, and incorrect instruction. Chi-square analyses were run to explore latent class differences in other work-related factors. Logistic regression analysis explored the association between job difficulty class and intent to leave current nursing job, controlling for other relevant individual and workplace factors.

Results: A 4-class solution was identified, with Class 1 (n=340) representing low levels of job difficulty overall, Class 2 (n=343) representing a chaotic work environment with supportive leadership, Class 3 (n=248) representing an overworked group but with organizational/leadership support, and Class 4 (n=179) representing high levels of job difficulty overall. Chi-square analyses showed associations between job difficulty class and other organizational/job-related factors, including patient safety, relationship with physicians, and verbal abuse from patients, physicians, and other staff. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that membership in job difficulty class 3 (OR 2.06, p=0.007) and class 4 (OR 3.93, p< 0.0001) predicted higher odds of intent to leave compared with class 1 (low difficulty). Other workplace factors associated with decreased odds of intent to leave include good relationships with physicians (OR 0.47, p=0.004) and working in a hospital setting (OR 0.47, p=0.001). Reporting patient safety issues on the unit was associated with increased odds of intent to leave (OR 2.06, p< 0.0001). Individual factors associated with intent to leave include working preferred shift and schedule, and availability of other nursing jobs.

Discussion: Job difficulty factors reported by newly licensed nurses are important in predicting intent to leave current nursing job. Class 3 shows that despite organizational and supervisor support, inadequate staffing (that results in overworked nurses) causes nurses to seriously consider leaving their nursing job. Healthcare organizations must improve staffing and workflow to improve nurse retention.

Notes

Presenter notes available in attached slide deck.

References:

Kovner, C. T., & Brewer, C. (2020). Newly Licensed Registered Nurse New Cohort 3 Survey, 2016 (Version 2) [dataset]. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR36821

Kovner, C. T., Djukic, M., Fatehi, F. K., Fletcher, J., Jun, J., Brewer, C., & Chacko, T. (2016). Estimating and preventing hospital internal turnover of newly licensed nurses: A panel survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 60, 251–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.05.003

NSI Nursing Solutions. (2023). 2023 NSI National Health Care Retention & RN Staffing Report. NSI Nursing Solutions, Inc.

Rae, P. J. L., Pearce, S., Greaves, P. J., Dall’Ora, C., Griffiths, P., & Endacott, R. (2021). Outcomes sensitive to critical care nurse staffing levels: A systematic review. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 67, 103110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2021.103110

Shin, S., Park, J.-H., & Bae, S.-H. (2018). Nurse staffing and nurse outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nursing Outlook, 66(3), 273–282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2017.12.002

Shin, S., Park, J.-H., & Bae, S.-H. (2019). Nurse staffing and hospital-acquired conditions: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 28(23–24), 4264–4275. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15046

Description

This is a secondary data analysis examining workplace predictors of intent to leave current nursing job in newly licensed RNs. A latent class analysis was conducted to identify classes of nursing job difficulty. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify whether class membership was associated with intent to leave.

Author Details

Kathryn J. Leep-Lazar, BSN, RN

Sigma Membership

Non-member

Type

Presentation

Format Type

Text-based Document

Study Design/Type

Cross-Sectional

Research Approach

Quantitative Research

Keywords:

Personnel Turnover, Intent to Leave, Personnel Retention, Nurse Attitudes, Registered Nurses, Newly Licensed RNs, New Graduate Nurses

Conference Name

Creating Healthy Work Environments

Conference Host

Sigma Theta Tau International

Conference Location

Washington, DC, USA

Conference Year

2024

Rights Holder

All rights reserved by the author(s) and/or publisher(s) listed in this item record unless relinquished in whole or part by a rights notation or a Creative Commons License present in this item record. All permission requests should be directed accordingly and not to the Sigma Repository. All submitting authors or publishers have affirmed that when using material in their work where they do not own copyright, they have obtained permission of the copyright holder prior to submission and the rights holder has been acknowledged as necessary.

Review Type

Abstract Review Only: Reviewed by Event Host

Acquisition

Proxy-submission

Date of Issue

2026-02-23

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Individual and Workplace Environmental Predictors of Intent to Leave Current Nursing Job

Washington, DC, USA

Background: High rates of registered nurse (RN) turnover in hospitals strain their ability to keep fully staffed. Poor nurse staffing leads to poor patient, nurse, and organizational outcomes (Rae et al., 2021; Shin et al., 2018, 2019). High rates of RN turnover are also costly for healthcare organizations (NSI Nursing Solutions, 2023). While RN turnover rates in US hospitals have increased significantly since the COVID-19 pandemic (22.5% in 2022 compared with 15.9% in 2019), historically, newly licensed RNs have even higher rates of turnover than their more experienced counterparts (Kovner et al., 2016). It is critically important to understand the predicters of turnover in this population to increase retention.

Aims: To identify individual and workplace predictors of turnover intention in newly licensed RNs through a secondary data analysis of the “Newly Licensed Registered Nurse Cohort 3” survey data from 2016 (Kovner & Brewer, 2020).

Methods: Participants who obtained their first nursing license between August 1, 2014 and July 31, 2015 completed the Newly Licensed RN Survey to describe newly licensed RNs work characteristics and patterns (n=1110). A secondary analysis was conducted to identify characteristics that predict participant’s intent to leave their current nursing job. Latent class analysis identified classes of nursing job difficulty, and included items asking about job difficulty due to workplace environmental factors including unit supervisor, inadequate help, lack of supply, constant interruption, and incorrect instruction. Chi-square analyses were run to explore latent class differences in other work-related factors. Logistic regression analysis explored the association between job difficulty class and intent to leave current nursing job, controlling for other relevant individual and workplace factors.

Results: A 4-class solution was identified, with Class 1 (n=340) representing low levels of job difficulty overall, Class 2 (n=343) representing a chaotic work environment with supportive leadership, Class 3 (n=248) representing an overworked group but with organizational/leadership support, and Class 4 (n=179) representing high levels of job difficulty overall. Chi-square analyses showed associations between job difficulty class and other organizational/job-related factors, including patient safety, relationship with physicians, and verbal abuse from patients, physicians, and other staff. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that membership in job difficulty class 3 (OR 2.06, p=0.007) and class 4 (OR 3.93, p< 0.0001) predicted higher odds of intent to leave compared with class 1 (low difficulty). Other workplace factors associated with decreased odds of intent to leave include good relationships with physicians (OR 0.47, p=0.004) and working in a hospital setting (OR 0.47, p=0.001). Reporting patient safety issues on the unit was associated with increased odds of intent to leave (OR 2.06, p< 0.0001). Individual factors associated with intent to leave include working preferred shift and schedule, and availability of other nursing jobs.

Discussion: Job difficulty factors reported by newly licensed nurses are important in predicting intent to leave current nursing job. Class 3 shows that despite organizational and supervisor support, inadequate staffing (that results in overworked nurses) causes nurses to seriously consider leaving their nursing job. Healthcare organizations must improve staffing and workflow to improve nurse retention.