Other Titles

The Effect of Physical Activity on Lowering Blood Pressure among Adults with Prehypertension: A Meta-analysis of RCT Studies [Poster Title]

Abstract

Background: Prehypertension is a silent major contributor to the world's burden of cardiovascular diseases. Individuals with prehypertension may progress to cardiovascular diseases (Barone Gibbs et al., 2021; Nesnawy et al., 2024; Kariuki et al., 2024). Different combinations of physical activity interventions lowered blood pressure among prehypertensive adults worldwide. Therefore, this meta-analysis evaluated the pooled effects of multiple physical activity interventions on reducing blood pressure among prehypertensive adults.

Methods: A meta-analysis performed sixteen RCT studies. Among the 1,419 adult participants, 881 men and 538 women. Random effects models were used to evaluate heterogeneity in the study. A funnel plot and a modified Egger linear regression test assessed potential publication bias. The pooled effects were evaluated by relative risk, 95% CI, and p-value < 0.05.

Results: The results of the random-effects meta-regression coefficient indicated that all the RCT studies had a risk-free bias. Homogeneity was found (I2SBP = 0.0% and I2DBP = 0.0%) and suggested that 0.0% of the physical activity intervention effect variability was due to the actual study similarity, and 100% is due to chance. The combined results pooled Relative Risk for lowering SBP/DBP events in the adults with prehypertension, randomly assigned to physical activity, which was statistically significant, respectively. The pooled point estimate and the 95% CI be positioned entirely to the left of the line of no effect, demonstrating 100 x (1-0.99) % = 1% of SBP/DBP reduction is significantly in favor of PA intervention, p = 0.02 and p = 0.04 respectively.

Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated a significant PA intervention pooled effect on SBP and DBP reduction among adults with prehypertension worldwide. This meta-analysis finding provided statistically significant evidence for the association between physical activity and SBP/DBP reduction, reducing the risk of complications among prehypertensive adults worldwide. Hence, clinicians and public health professionals must integrate and reinforce the beneficial effects of physical activity through counseling, education, and support.

Notes

References:

Barone Gibbs, B., Hivert, M.-F., Jerome, G. J., Kraus, W. E., Rosenkranz, S. K., Schorr, E. N., . . . Cardiology, C. o. C. (2021). Physical activity as a critical component of first-line treatment for elevated blood pressure or cholesterol: who, what, and how?: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Hypertension, 78(2), e26-e37.

Kariuki, J. K., Imes, C. C., Engberg, S. J., Scott, P. W., Klem, M. L., & Cortes, Y. I. (2024). Impact of lifestyle-based interventions on absolute cardiovascular disease risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JBI evidence synthesis, 22(1), 4-65.

Nesnawy, S., Abd El Monim Mohamed, E., Hussein Khalil, E., Ibrahim Sayed, S., Malek, M. G. N., Abd Elaal, E. M., & Ibrahim, B. A. M. (2024). Evaluating Brisk Walking, Deep Breathing, and Stress Disclosure for Blood Pressure Reduction in Individuals with Prehypertension and Stress. International Egyptian Journal of Nursing Sciences and Research, 5 (1), 52–69.

Description

Multiple lifestyle interventions demonstrated various findings. Physical activity is one of the lifestyle interventions that lowers blood pressure. However, the literature did not demonstrate how statistically significant the pooled effects sizes of the physical activity (PA) interventions shared with lowering SBP/DBP among adults with prehypertension. The finding emphasized that PA generates an overall effect of a 1% reduction of SBP/DBP among prehypertensive adults worldwide.

Author Details

Talato Kabore, PhD, MEpid, MSN, PMC-FNP, FNP-C, BSN-RN;

Tanja Baum Low, PhD., PHN, RN;

Kay Yang, DNP, FNP, RNC-OB;

Taqialdeen Zamil, DNP, RN, PMHNP-BC

Sigma Membership

Non-member

Type

Poster

Format Type

Text-based Document

Study Design/Type

Meta-Analysis/Synthesis

Research Approach

Quantitative Research

Keywords:

Public and Community Health, Primary Care, Prehypertension, Adults, Physical Activity, SBP/DBP Reduction, Hypertension, Prehypertension

Conference Name

36th International Nursing Research Congress

Conference Host

Sigma Theta Tau International

Conference Location

Seattle, Washington, USA

Conference Year

2025

Rights Holder

All rights reserved by the author(s) and/or publisher(s) listed in this item record unless relinquished in whole or part by a rights notation or a Creative Commons License present in this item record.

Review Type

Abstract Review Only: Reviewed by Event Host

Acquisition

Proxy-submission

Click on the above link to access the poster.

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The Physical Activity Effect on Lowering Blood Pressure in Adults: A Meta-Analysis of RCT Studies

Seattle, Washington, USA

Background: Prehypertension is a silent major contributor to the world's burden of cardiovascular diseases. Individuals with prehypertension may progress to cardiovascular diseases (Barone Gibbs et al., 2021; Nesnawy et al., 2024; Kariuki et al., 2024). Different combinations of physical activity interventions lowered blood pressure among prehypertensive adults worldwide. Therefore, this meta-analysis evaluated the pooled effects of multiple physical activity interventions on reducing blood pressure among prehypertensive adults.

Methods: A meta-analysis performed sixteen RCT studies. Among the 1,419 adult participants, 881 men and 538 women. Random effects models were used to evaluate heterogeneity in the study. A funnel plot and a modified Egger linear regression test assessed potential publication bias. The pooled effects were evaluated by relative risk, 95% CI, and p-value < 0.05.

Results: The results of the random-effects meta-regression coefficient indicated that all the RCT studies had a risk-free bias. Homogeneity was found (I2SBP = 0.0% and I2DBP = 0.0%) and suggested that 0.0% of the physical activity intervention effect variability was due to the actual study similarity, and 100% is due to chance. The combined results pooled Relative Risk for lowering SBP/DBP events in the adults with prehypertension, randomly assigned to physical activity, which was statistically significant, respectively. The pooled point estimate and the 95% CI be positioned entirely to the left of the line of no effect, demonstrating 100 x (1-0.99) % = 1% of SBP/DBP reduction is significantly in favor of PA intervention, p = 0.02 and p = 0.04 respectively.

Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated a significant PA intervention pooled effect on SBP and DBP reduction among adults with prehypertension worldwide. This meta-analysis finding provided statistically significant evidence for the association between physical activity and SBP/DBP reduction, reducing the risk of complications among prehypertensive adults worldwide. Hence, clinicians and public health professionals must integrate and reinforce the beneficial effects of physical activity through counseling, education, and support.