Other Titles

Human Caring Science and a Magnet Culture Positively Influence Patient Experience: A Theoretical Framework [Title Slide]

Abstract

BACKGROUND: An academic hospital implemented both Watson Caring Science and a Magnet® culture to support nurse wellbeing and optimize patient outcomes.1-3 The goal was to create a culture of caring. The research challenge was how to measure culture, which is complex, intangible and often difficult to quantify. Few healthcare organizations deploy theory-driven quantitative evaluations. Most rely on atheoretical data mining rather than conceptually grounded frameworks.

PURPOSE: To develop a theoretical framework to test the hypothesis that: (1) Human Caring Culture directly influences Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS); (2) Human Caring Culture indirectly influences HCAHPS’ outcomes through Magnet aligned nursing behaviors.1-3

METHODS:

● Develop Sustainable Measurement Metrics: Validated Watson Caritas Patient Score® five items (α=.91) were added to the standard HCAHPS survey.4
●Theory-Based Operationalization: A crosswalk was developed between HCAHPS and Magnet aligned nursing behaviors (Communication, Responsiveness, Teamwork, and Patient-Centered Care Transitions).
● Conceptualize Theory-Driven Analysis: Hierarchical structural equation modeling (SEM) using Donabedian's Structure→Process→Outcome model. Structure (caring culture) → Process (Magnet aligned nursing behaviors) → Outcome (patient HCAHPS: Hospital Recommendation and Likelihood to Recommend) to test direct and indirect effects.5

RESULTS: Both SEM models demonstrated excellent fit (Comparitive Fit Index [CFI] = .96) and (Root Mean Square Error Approximation [RMSEA] = .05). Human Caring Culture exerted strong direct effects on the HCAHPS outcomes (β =.38, p< .001), and significant indirect effects through nursing behaviors (Communication and Care Transitions). Approximately 43%–46% of the total effect was mediated through nursing behaviors.

IMPLICATIONS: This theoretical framework provides a replicable blueprint for healthcare organizations to measure culture and patient-experience outcomes while building research capacity for theory-driven evaluation.

Notes

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Description

This presentation describes the development of a research framework to analyze the relationships between a Human Caring Culture, a Magnet culture with aligned nursing behaviors and patient-experience outcomes. The discussion highlights the benefits of structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze these relationships while building research capacity for theory-driven evaluation.

Author Details

Presenter: Mary E. Lough, PhD, RN, CNS, FCCM, FAHA, FCNS, FAAN, on behalf of the research team:

Mary E. Lough, PhD, RN, CNS, FCCM, FAHA, FCNS, FAAN; Grissel Hernández, PhD, MPH, RN, HNB-BC, NPD-BC, SGAHN, FADLN; Kathleen Bradley, DNP, RN, NEA-BC; Alice Yan, PhD, CPHQ; Cassendra Munro, PhD, BS, RN, RNFA, CNOR, FAORN, FAAN; Rachyl Pines, PhD

Sigma Membership

Alpha Alpha Lambda at-Large

Type

Presentation

Format Type

Text-based Document

Study Design/Type

Other

Research Approach

Other

Keywords:

Acute Care, Theory, Policy and Advocacy, Psychological Well-Being, Patient Outcomes, Health Outcome Assessment, Corporate Culture, Magnet

Conference Name

37th International Nursing Research Congress

Conference Host

Sigma Theta Tau International

Conference Location

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Conference Year

2026

Rights Holder

All rights reserved by the author(s) and/or publisher(s) listed in this item record unless relinquished in whole or part by a rights notation or a Creative Commons License present in this item record. All permission requests should be directed accordingly and not to the Sigma Repository. All submitting authors or publishers have affirmed that when using material in their work where they do not own copyright, they have obtained permission of the copyright holder prior to submission and the rights holder has been acknowledged as necessary.

Review Type

Abstract Review Only: Reviewed by Event Host

Acquisition

Proxy-submission

Date of Issue

2026-08-12

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Caring Science and a Magnet Culture Positively Influence Patient Experience: A Theoretical Framework

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

BACKGROUND: An academic hospital implemented both Watson Caring Science and a Magnet® culture to support nurse wellbeing and optimize patient outcomes.1-3 The goal was to create a culture of caring. The research challenge was how to measure culture, which is complex, intangible and often difficult to quantify. Few healthcare organizations deploy theory-driven quantitative evaluations. Most rely on atheoretical data mining rather than conceptually grounded frameworks.

PURPOSE: To develop a theoretical framework to test the hypothesis that: (1) Human Caring Culture directly influences Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS); (2) Human Caring Culture indirectly influences HCAHPS’ outcomes through Magnet aligned nursing behaviors.1-3

METHODS:

● Develop Sustainable Measurement Metrics: Validated Watson Caritas Patient Score® five items (α=.91) were added to the standard HCAHPS survey.4
●Theory-Based Operationalization: A crosswalk was developed between HCAHPS and Magnet aligned nursing behaviors (Communication, Responsiveness, Teamwork, and Patient-Centered Care Transitions).
● Conceptualize Theory-Driven Analysis: Hierarchical structural equation modeling (SEM) using Donabedian's Structure→Process→Outcome model. Structure (caring culture) → Process (Magnet aligned nursing behaviors) → Outcome (patient HCAHPS: Hospital Recommendation and Likelihood to Recommend) to test direct and indirect effects.5

RESULTS: Both SEM models demonstrated excellent fit (Comparitive Fit Index [CFI] = .96) and (Root Mean Square Error Approximation [RMSEA] = .05). Human Caring Culture exerted strong direct effects on the HCAHPS outcomes (β =.38, p< .001), and significant indirect effects through nursing behaviors (Communication and Care Transitions). Approximately 43%–46% of the total effect was mediated through nursing behaviors.

IMPLICATIONS: This theoretical framework provides a replicable blueprint for healthcare organizations to measure culture and patient-experience outcomes while building research capacity for theory-driven evaluation.