Abstract

Purpose: This pilot feasibility study investigated the impact of flexible work schedules on the mental, psychological, and physical health of healthcare workers within a large hospital system, aiming to identify innovative leadership strategies for workforce planning and development.

Background: Traditional work schedules often negatively impact productivity, well-being, and job satisfaction, contributing to challenges in recruiting and retaining nurses. This study explored the feasibility and benefits of flexible work schedules as a leadership initiative to improve workforce well-being and retention.

Methods: A quasi-experimental, mixed-methods, time-series design was implemented across a 12-hospital system with the partnership of 4-Day Global. Eligible leadership teams were encouraged to flex their work hours daily or at least weekly. Clinical leaders ensured coverage during flexible work periods. Participants were surveyed at baseline, midpoint, and post-trial to assess work time, job conditions, well-being, and environmental factors.

Results: A total of 173 exempt healthcare workers participated, representing the largest cohort studied globally on flexible work schedules in healthcare. While flexibility varied, all teams experienced significant improvements in well-being, work-life balance, and organizational outcomes. Notably, the team with complete schedule autonomy demonstrated the most significant improvements, suggesting the importance of agency and ownership in flexible work arrangements. All improvements were highly significant (p < .001), except for a significant reduction in work absenteeism (p < .01), exercise and pro-environmental behaviors (p<.05).

Limitations: Study results may not be generalizable due to the short duration (six months) and the limited participation of only exempt healthcare workers.

Conclusions: This pilot demonstrates the feasibility of implementing flexible work schedules as an innovative leadership strategy to enhance workforce well-being, improve job conditions, and promote work-life balance without compromising patient care. This approach supports the development of future leaders by empowering nurses with greater autonomy and control over their work schedules.

Notes

References:

IPPR. (2021). Changing times: The future of working time in Scotland. https://www.ippr.org/research/publications/changing-times
NEF. (2020). Making up for lost time. https://neweconomics.org/2020/06/makingup-for-lost-time

Schor, J. B., Fan, W., Kelly, O., Gu, G., Bezdenezhnykh, T., & Bridson-Hubbard, N. (2022). The Four Day Week: Assessing Global Trials of Reduced Work Time with No Reduction in Pay. Four Day Week Global.

WBG. (2022). A shorter working week could help to close the gender pay gap.
https://wbg.org.uk/media/shorter-working-week-feminist-green-new-deal/

Additional reference list included in attached slide deck.

Description

This presentation explores the results of a pilot study investigating the impact of flexible work schedules on the mental, psychological, and physical health of healthcare workers. The study found significant improvements in well-being, work-life balance, and organizational outcomes among participants. Attendees will learn about the benefits of flexible work schedules, best practices for implementation, and strategies for overcoming challenges.

Author Details

Emily Calabro, PhD, RN, CCRN, CHPN; Rodica Pop, PhD, RN

Sigma Membership

Non-member

Type

Presentation

Format Type

Text-based Document

Study Design/Type

Quasi-Experimental Study, Other

Research Approach

Mixed/Multi Method Research

Keywords:

Global Leadership, Policy and Advocacy, Workforce, Leadership, Workforce Planning and Development, Flexible Work Schedules

Conference Name

48th Biennial Convention

Conference Host

Sigma Theta Tau International

Conference Location

Indianapolis, Indiana, USA

Conference Year

2025

Rights Holder

All rights reserved by the author(s) and/or publisher(s) listed in this item record unless relinquished in whole or part by a rights notation or a Creative Commons License present in this item record. All permission requests should be directed accordingly and not to the Sigma Repository. All submitting authors or publishers have affirmed that when using material in their work where they do not own copyright, they have obtained permission of the copyright holder prior to submission and the rights holder has been acknowledged as necessary.

Review Type

Abstract Review Only: Reviewed by Event Host

Acquisition

Proxy-submission

Date of Issue

2025-12-02

Funder(s)

Boston College; 4 Day Global

Click on the above link to access the slide deck.

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Transforming Nurse Leaders: The Power of Flexible Schedules in Healthcare

Indianapolis, Indiana, USA

Purpose: This pilot feasibility study investigated the impact of flexible work schedules on the mental, psychological, and physical health of healthcare workers within a large hospital system, aiming to identify innovative leadership strategies for workforce planning and development.

Background: Traditional work schedules often negatively impact productivity, well-being, and job satisfaction, contributing to challenges in recruiting and retaining nurses. This study explored the feasibility and benefits of flexible work schedules as a leadership initiative to improve workforce well-being and retention.

Methods: A quasi-experimental, mixed-methods, time-series design was implemented across a 12-hospital system with the partnership of 4-Day Global. Eligible leadership teams were encouraged to flex their work hours daily or at least weekly. Clinical leaders ensured coverage during flexible work periods. Participants were surveyed at baseline, midpoint, and post-trial to assess work time, job conditions, well-being, and environmental factors.

Results: A total of 173 exempt healthcare workers participated, representing the largest cohort studied globally on flexible work schedules in healthcare. While flexibility varied, all teams experienced significant improvements in well-being, work-life balance, and organizational outcomes. Notably, the team with complete schedule autonomy demonstrated the most significant improvements, suggesting the importance of agency and ownership in flexible work arrangements. All improvements were highly significant (p < .001), except for a significant reduction in work absenteeism (p < .01), exercise and pro-environmental behaviors (p<.05).

Limitations: Study results may not be generalizable due to the short duration (six months) and the limited participation of only exempt healthcare workers.

Conclusions: This pilot demonstrates the feasibility of implementing flexible work schedules as an innovative leadership strategy to enhance workforce well-being, improve job conditions, and promote work-life balance without compromising patient care. This approach supports the development of future leaders by empowering nurses with greater autonomy and control over their work schedules.