Abstract

The use of opioids during pregnancy has risen dramatically in the last 25 years, resulting in an increased rate of newborns experiencing neonatal abstinence syndrome (Chyi et al., 2023). The primary assessment tool used to care for these infants has historically been the Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring System (FNASS). In recent years, the FNASS tool’s subjective nature has turned interests to the novel Eat, Sleep, Console assessment tool (Amin et al., 2023). This integrative research review was conducted by using a modified methodology suggested by Whittemore & Knafle (2005) and seeks to answer the research question, “For neonates of greater than or equal to 35 weeks gestation experiencing neonatal abstinence syndrome from opioid withdrawal admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, does the implementation of the Eat, Sleep, Console evaluation tool lead to decreased lengths of stay, in comparison to those evaluated using the Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring System?” CINHAL, Medline Complete, Health Research Premium, PubMed, and Cochrane were searched for peer reviewed articles. Search terms used were “neonatal abstinence syndrome,” “eat sleep console,” and “length of stay.” The search criteria were limited to full text articles published between the years 2019 and 2024 for each database. One hundred and twenty-two articles were located. Fifty-six articles were duplicates. Fifty-four studies were excluded based upon exclusion criteria. Twelve articles were included in the integrative research review final sample. All articles were appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (2018 Version) and the PRISMA checklist. Multiple studies suggest that the Eat, Sleep, Console (ESC) method results in a shorter length of stay, as well as decreased pharmacological treatments and longer time to initiation of pharmacologic treatment in NAS infants. Ryan et al. and Amin et al. report that ESC model scores correlate with FNASS scores across infants, suggesting that ESC is a sufficient comparison to FNASS in NAS management (2021; 2023). Two studies report finding no significant improvement with ESC in comparison to FNASS (Chyi et al., 2024). No single study evaluated the impact of ESC within solely the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The novel ESC model is gaining initiative as a useful tool for NAS care, but further studies are necessary to ascertain its practicality in the neonatal intensive care setting.

Description

Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS), resulting from opioid use in pregnancy, has risen dramatically in the last 25 years. This study seeks to compare the tools used to assess and guide treatment for newborns with NAS within the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Author Details

Kelsey Seigman, MSN, BSN, RNC-NIC

Sigma Membership

Non-member

Type

Poster

Format Type

Text-based Document

Study Design/Type

Other

Research Approach

Other

Keywords:

Acute Care, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, Eat Sleep Console, Length of Stay

Conference Name

36th International Nursing Research Congress

Conference Host

Sigma Theta Tau International

Conference Location

Seattle, Washington, USA

Conference Year

2025

Rights Holder

All rights reserved by the author(s) and/or publisher(s) listed in this item record unless relinquished in whole or part by a rights notation or a Creative Commons License present in this item record.

Review Type

Abstract Review Only: Reviewed by Event Host

Acquisition

Proxy-submission

Click on the above link to access the poster.

Additional Files

References.pdf (120 kB)

Share

COinS
 

The Eat, Sleep, Console Method in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: An Integrative Research Review

Seattle, Washington, USA

The use of opioids during pregnancy has risen dramatically in the last 25 years, resulting in an increased rate of newborns experiencing neonatal abstinence syndrome (Chyi et al., 2023). The primary assessment tool used to care for these infants has historically been the Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring System (FNASS). In recent years, the FNASS tool’s subjective nature has turned interests to the novel Eat, Sleep, Console assessment tool (Amin et al., 2023). This integrative research review was conducted by using a modified methodology suggested by Whittemore & Knafle (2005) and seeks to answer the research question, “For neonates of greater than or equal to 35 weeks gestation experiencing neonatal abstinence syndrome from opioid withdrawal admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, does the implementation of the Eat, Sleep, Console evaluation tool lead to decreased lengths of stay, in comparison to those evaluated using the Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring System?” CINHAL, Medline Complete, Health Research Premium, PubMed, and Cochrane were searched for peer reviewed articles. Search terms used were “neonatal abstinence syndrome,” “eat sleep console,” and “length of stay.” The search criteria were limited to full text articles published between the years 2019 and 2024 for each database. One hundred and twenty-two articles were located. Fifty-six articles were duplicates. Fifty-four studies were excluded based upon exclusion criteria. Twelve articles were included in the integrative research review final sample. All articles were appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (2018 Version) and the PRISMA checklist. Multiple studies suggest that the Eat, Sleep, Console (ESC) method results in a shorter length of stay, as well as decreased pharmacological treatments and longer time to initiation of pharmacologic treatment in NAS infants. Ryan et al. and Amin et al. report that ESC model scores correlate with FNASS scores across infants, suggesting that ESC is a sufficient comparison to FNASS in NAS management (2021; 2023). Two studies report finding no significant improvement with ESC in comparison to FNASS (Chyi et al., 2024). No single study evaluated the impact of ESC within solely the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The novel ESC model is gaining initiative as a useful tool for NAS care, but further studies are necessary to ascertain its practicality in the neonatal intensive care setting.